Know your rights in every state.

Clear, state-specific guides to U.S. law, written in plain English. Search for a topic or pick a situation to see the basics.

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Your rights in everyday life

Six areas where knowing the basics can protect you, your money, and your family. Details vary by state, so check the guide for where you live.

Police stops

Remember: You have the right to remain silent.

  • Stay calm and ask if you are free to leave.
  • You can refuse consent to a search of you, your car, or your home.
  • Some states require you to give your name if you are lawfully detained.

Tenants and eviction

Remember: In most states, only a court can order an eviction.

  • Landlords generally cannot change the locks or remove your things without a court order.
  • The notice a landlord must give you depends on your state.
  • Keep your written lease, rent receipts, and move-in photos.

Work and wages

Remember: Most workers must be paid for every hour worked.

  • Non-exempt workers earn overtime at 1.5 times their pay after 40 hours a week.
  • Many states set a minimum wage higher than the federal rate.
  • Report unpaid wages to your state labor office or the U.S. Department of Labor.

Self defense

Remember: The force you use must be reasonable for the threat.

  • Deadly force is generally allowed only to prevent death or serious injury.
  • Most states follow the castle doctrine inside your home.
  • States differ on whether you must retreat first in public places.

Privacy and online fraud

Remember: Government agencies never ask for payment by gift card.

  • Report online scams to the FBI and the Federal Trade Commission.
  • Freezing your credit with all three credit bureaus is free.
  • Report identity theft to the FTC to get a personal recovery plan.

Immigration

Remember: Many constitutional rights apply to everyone in the U.S.

  • In most situations, you can stay silent about your immigration status.
  • You do not have to open your door unless officers show a warrant signed by a judge.
  • Do not sign papers you do not understand. Ask to speak to a lawyer.

Latest guides

New and updated guides to state laws across the U.S.

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How to get legal help

You do not need to know the law to take the first step. Follow these four steps.

  1. Write down what happened

    Note the dates, places, names, and amounts while they are fresh in your memory.

  2. Collect your documents

    Gather your lease, pay stubs, receipts, messages, photos, and any court papers.

  3. Find free legal aid

    Legal aid groups help low-income people with civil cases. Your state bar also runs a lawyer referral service.

  4. Act before the deadline

    Most legal claims have strict time limits. Missing one can end your case, so do not wait.

Common questions

Short answers to what people ask most often.

Is free legal help available?

Yes. Legal aid organizations offer free help with civil matters to people with low income. In criminal cases, you have the right to a court-appointed lawyer if you cannot afford one.

Why do laws change from state to state?

Each state writes many of its own laws. Everyday issues like evictions, self defense, and wages often depend on state rules, so always check the law where you live.

Do I need a lawyer for small claims court?

Usually not. Small claims courts are designed for people to represent themselves, and some states limit or do not allow lawyers there.

What should I do if I receive court papers?

Read them right away and find the deadline to respond. If you do not respond in time, the court may rule against you by default.

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